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Corresponding Author:
Juhana Hukkinen, Monetary Policy and Research Department of Bank of Finland, Helsinki

Coauthors:
Matti Viren, Monetary Policy and Research Department of Bank of Finland, Helsinki and Economics Department of University of Turku

Was Globalization the Root Cause of Inflation?

March 9, 2023
JEL classification: E31; E52; E58; F02; F41; F42; F62
Keywords: Inflation; Globalization; Phillips Curve; Trade Unions

Abstract

This paper examines the reasons for the declining path of inflation since the 1970s. In particular, it focusses on the role of globalization – covering both changes in the global market structure and technical and structural developments in trade and production. In addition, the paper deals with changes in the basic transmission mechanisms of price and wage inflation. The paper makes use of different data from individual countries and panel of countries. These data show that the dispersion of inflation and the behavior of relative prices follow a pattern that is consistent with several globalization indicators.  Also estimation results show that these indicators are useful in tracing the developments of trend inflation after the 1960s. Moreover, it is shown that the basic relationships between prices and costs are nonlinear depending on the level of inflation.


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Institute for International Economics
of the Genoa Chamber of Commerce


Istituto di Economia Internazionale
Camera di Commercio di Genova
Via Garibaldi, 4 (III piano) - 16124 Genova (Italy)
www.ge.camcom.gov.it